Toyota Land Cruiser 100/Amazon, Lexus LX 470

since 1997 of release

Repair and car operation


Toyota Land Cruiser, Amazon, LX470 Lexus
+ Identification numbers of the car
+ Governing bodies and receptions of safe operation of the car
+ Settings and routine maintenance of the car
+ Engine
+ Systems of cooling of the engine, salon and air conditioning heating
+ the Power supply system and production of the fulfilled gases
+ engine Electric equipment
- Control systems of the engine and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases
   Specifications
   System of onboard diagnostics (OBD) - a principle of functioning and codes of malfunctions
   Oscillograph application for supervision of working signals of a control system
   Check of a condition and ESM replacement
   Information sensors - the general information and check of serviceability of functioning
   Replacement of information sensors
   System of catching of fuel evaporations (EVAP) - the general information, check of a condition and replacement of components
   System of operated ventilation of a case (PCV)
   The catalytic converter - the general information, check of a condition and replacement
+ gear shifting Box
+ Transmission line
+ Brake system
+ Suspension bracket and steering
+ Body
+ Onboard electric equipment




Information sensors – the general information and check of serviceability of functioning

In order to avoid ESM failure at performance described below checks use only the digital voltmeter with high (over 10 megohms) an impedance!


The car equipped with OBD-II system should be driven away on car repair shop for reading of codes of malfunctions with use of the special scanner. There are some checks (the causes of failures connected with identification at engine start) which the owner of a vehicle can independently execute, in all other cases the car should be driven away in car-care center.

2-contact termistor (sensors of temperature of the cooling liquid, soaked-up air, etc.)

Termistora represent the resistors changing resistance depending on temperature, and developing the corresponding alarm tension. Sensors of temperature of cooling liquid of the engine belong to elements of this kind (eats) also temperatures of soaked-up air (IAT). It should be noted that resistance of these sensors changes in inverse proportion to temperature change, i.e., DECREASES with INCREASE of the last, and on the contrary. For check of termistorny sensors switch a multimeter to resistance measurement, disconnect from the sensor electroconducting and measure resistance between assembly plugs. Take temperature. Then warm up the sensor to a certain temperature and again measure its resistance. Compare the received results to the ordered. Location of the ECT sensor is shown on an illustration below. The IAT sensor is built in the MAF sensor. For the IAT sensor resistance between E2 plugs and MAF sensor TNA is measured.

The schedule of dependence of resistance of ECT and IAT sensors from temperature

Components of installation of the ECT sensor

Further it is necessary to check correctness of the basic tension which is given out on the sensor by the processor. Connect to the sensor electroconducting, switch a multimeter to measurement of tension and connect it щупы to plugs of a plait of electroconducting on the socket. The nominal rate of basic tension should make about 5.0 V.Proverka is made at the included ignition, the engine do not start. If violation of serviceability of giving on the sensor of basic tension takes place, it is necessary to check a condition of connecting electroconducting and actually ESM.

Potentiometers (sensor of provision of a butterfly valve)

The potentiometer represents the resistor which resistance changes as a result of mechanical moving of some components. The TPS sensor develops the alarm tension proportional to the current size of resistance of a potentiometer, a butterfly valve defined by situation in the throttle case. The signal from the sensor arrives on ESM which on the basis of the analysis of arriving data defines situation and the direction of movement of a zaslonka. For check of serviceability of functioning of the TPS sensor nature of change of size of resistance of a potentiometer depending on extent of opening of a butterfly valve is quantitatively estimated. This contour is defined as VTA – by E2.

 PERFORMANCE ORDER

1. Disconnect from TPS electroconducting. On models of the corresponding complete set disconnect the vacuum line and by means of the manual vacuum pump create depression on the device of positioning of a butterfly valve. By means of an ohmmeter measure resistance between VTA plugs and TPS sensor E2 (address to an accompanying illustration). At completely closed zaslonka resistance should be in limits from 0.2 to 5.7 kiloohms, and at completely open – the ohmmeter should show infinity.
2. Further it is necessary to check correctness of the basic tension which is given out on the sensor by the processor. Connect to the sensor electroconducting, switch a multimeter to measurement of tension and connect it щупы to the corresponding plugs of a plait of electroconducting on the socket. Tension on sensor conclusions with opening of a butterfly valve should increase: at completely closed zaslonka it to be within 0.7 In, and at completely open – 2.7 – 5.2 V.Esli take place violation of serviceability of giving on the sensor of basic tension, it is necessary to check a condition of connecting electroconducting and actually ESM.

2-contact electromagnetic sensors (sensors of provision of cranked and distributive shaft and sensor of speed of movement of the car)

In a basis of a design of electromagnetic sensors the constant magnet placed in a wire winding is put. Typical representatives of electromagnetic sensors are sensors of provision of cranked and distributive shaft (SKR and SMR), and also the sensor of speed of movement of the car (VSS). The steel disk fixed on a gear wheel is equipped with the uvulas passing between the polar terminations of a magnet and causing short circuit of a magnetic field. Fluctuations of a magnetic field lead to change of alarm tension of the sensor. On the basis of the analysis of signals of ESM arriving from sensors defines speed of movement of the car (VSS), or the current provision of the corresponding shaft (SKR and SMR). The CKP sensor develops G signal for ECU. An arrangement and schemes of check of sensors are shown on illustrations below.

Components of installation and CMP sensor check

CKP sensor check

Location of the CKP sensor

Location of the VSS sensor


 PERFORMANCE ORDER

For check of CKP and CMP sensors measure resistance between plugs of their sockets. On the cold engine (the temperature is lower the 53rd hail.) on the CMP sensor resistance should be 835-1400 Ohm, and on the CKP sensor: 1630-1740 Ohm. On the heated-up engine (temperature 53-100 hail.) on the CMP sensor resistance should be 1060-1645 Ohm, and on the CKP sensor – 2065-3225 Ohm. In case of VSS transmission is necessary for bringing previously into neutral situation, then, holding one wheel it is motionless, manually to rotate opposite (use the help of the assistant), about 3.5 km/h are necessary сымитировать speed of movement, watch measuring instrument indications. This check can be made and on the sensor removed from the car, – it is necessary to rotate a driving gear wheel of assembly.

On some models VSS without a driving gear wheel is used, such sensors should be checked by in situ (without removal from the car). At SKR sensor check the help of the assistant which should turn the engine a starter short breakthroughs also is required, watch indications of the voltmeter which should register the weak uniform fluctuations confirming serviceability of a condition and functioning of a magnetic part of the sensor.

Lambda probes

Sensors O 2, or lambda probes trace percentage of oxygen in the fulfilled gases of the engine. Present at system of release of a molecule About 2, entering reaction with a sensitive element of the sensor, force the last to develop alarm tension. The amplitude of a signal, depending on concentration of oxygen can make from 0.1 In (the high contents About 2, the grown poor air and fuel mix) to 0.9 In (the low contents About 2, the enriched mix). ESM continuously traces a signal arriving from a lambda probe, and on the basis of arriving data makes the corresponding correction of structure air and fuel, trying to support it at an optimum level (14.7 parts of air on 1 part of fuel, – stekhiometrichesky number). Correction of structure of a mix is made at the expense of management of duration of time of opening of injectors. The lambda probe starts to develop alarm tension only after will be heated-up to normal working temperature, a component approximately 320°С. In a look told, in the course of warming up of the ESM engine works in a mode of the opened contour. Do not forget to check serviceability of a condition of all a part of system a lambda probes.

 PERFORMANCE ORDER

Access to a lambda probes is usually complicated. Be careful, remember that components of system of release can remain hot during even long time after a stop of the engine and pressing to their surface of plaits of electroconducting can lead to destruction of their isolation. Try to make, whenever possible, check of components of system with use of the scanner connected to the DLC socket, the device allows to reveal changes of alarm tension of each of a lambda probes within thousand shares of volt.

1. Check a millivoltny target signal developed by the sensor. Find the socket of electroconducting and from its reverse side accurately connect щупы the voltmeter to the corresponding contact plugs. On the majority of models positive щуп it is connected to the alarm plug of the socket of the sensor (SIGNAL), and negative – a grounding lemma (see. Onboard electric equipment).

Fluctuations of alarm tension nizhnepotochny the lambda probes occurs much more slowly than at verkhnepotochny that carbon monooxide, hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides in nontoxical carbon dioxide and the water which oxygen in much smaller degree reacts with a sensitive element of the sensor speaks result of operation of the catalytic converter, reformative present at composition of the fulfilled gases.

2. At the cold engine, in a mode of the opened contour, the lambda probe develops a steady peak signal in a range 0.1 – 0.2 V.Po passing the sensor leave about two minutes in an operating temperature mode and the amplitude of its alarm tension starts to fluctuate in a range from 0.4 to 0.6 In, depending on the content of oxygen in the fulfilled gases. If the sensor leaves in an operating mode too slowly, or does not leave at all, and also at tension stabilization in the middle of a working range of tension, it is necessary to replace the sensor. If tension on an exit of the sensor was stabilized near one of limits of the specified range, possibly, to ECM unable to compensate mechanical malfunctions of the engine, such as подсос air or "pouring" injectors.

Do not forget that nizhnepotochny the lambda probe works much more slowly verkhnepotochny (see below).

3. Pull together a vacuum hose which is behind a butterfly valve. Tension should fall approximately till 0.12 In (still quickly changing). It checks ability of the sensor to distinguish mix repauperization. Attach a hose on the place.


4. Will enrich a mix, submitting to an inlet path by means of the propane gun gas. Tension should raise approximately to 0.9 In (still quickly changing). It checks ability of the sensor to distinguish mix reenrichment.
5. If target tension of the sensor is higher or below the specified limits, the sensor or its conducting is faulty. Check integrity of conducting and if it is necessary, repeat check.
6. Check also serviceability of functioning of a chain of a heater a lambda probe. Disconnect from the sensor electroconducting and connect an ohmmeter to contact plugs +В (+) and NT (-) the socket from the sensor (address to an accompanying illustration). Compare result of measurements to requirements of Specifications. Remember that verkhnepotochny and nizhnepotochny sensors are not interchangeable. Further it is necessary to check serviceability of giving of a food in a chain of a heater of the sensor, – disconnect electroconducting and connect the voltmeter to the socket from a plait: at the included ignition (the engine do not start) on plugs of the socket tension of the battery should take place. In case of need check a chain condition on a site between the sensor and the safety lock/the main thing of the relay. The faulty sensor replace (see schemes of electric connections at the end Onboard electric equipment).

Sensor of measurement of weight of an air stream

The sensor serves for measurement of an expense of a throttle of air soaked up in the case. ESM uses information arriving from the sensor for correction of duration of time of opening of injectors, – the more air (acceleration) is soaked up in the engine, the last needs bigger amount of fuel. On considered models sensors of an air stream of vortical type with a sensitive element on the basis of an incandescence thread are used. The device allows to define a weight expense of a stream and received the name of the sensor of weight of air (MAF). On the basis of information of ESM arriving from the sensor makes timely correction of structure of an air and fuel mix.

On models considered in the real Management MAF sensors of 5-contact type are used. For them remove an inlet air line and include ignition. Connect positive щуп the voltmeter to VG contact, and negative – to E3 contact (address to an accompanying illustration). Blow in the sensor and make sure of tension change.

Detonation sensors

On the petrol V8 models two sensors of a detonation, on one on each of heads of cylinders (under the inlet pipeline) are used.

Sensors of a detonation elicit the fact of increase of intensity of vibrations of the engine arising at a detonation of an air and fuel mix, and give out the relevant information allowing ESM in due time to make reduction suppressing a detonation of a corner of an advancing of ignition on the management module.

 PERFORMANCE ORDER

For check of serviceability of a condition of the sensor of a detonation disconnect from it electroconducting and measure resistance between the contact plug of the socket and mass of the case of assembly, conductivity should be absent (address to an accompanying illustration). The faulty sensor replace.

The sensor switch of permission of start (model with AT)

The sensor switch of permission of start is established behind on a transmission dome, in its top part and serves for the notice of ESM on the fact of finding of AT in the provisions "R" and "N". This information is used by the processor at management of functioning of system of stabilization of turns of idling.

In order to avoid violation of stability of turns of idling do not begin movement at the disconnected sensor switch of permission of start.

More detailed information on a principle of functioning of the sensor switch of permission of start is stated in Head a gear shifting Box.

Pressure sensor паров fuels

The sensor serves for tracking of pressure/depth of depression in a fuel tank. On the basis of information of ESM arriving from the sensor in due time elicits the fact of violation of serviceability of a purge of a coal adsorber of EVAP system and brings in memory of OBD-II the corresponding diagnostic code. On restoration of serviceability of functioning of EVAP system it is necessary to charge works to specialists of car-care center.